CMAKE-QT(7)

NAME
cmake-qt - CMake Qt Features Reference

INTRODUCTION

CMake can find and use Qt 4, Qt 5 and Qt 6 libraries. The Qt 4 libraries are found by the FindQt4 <#module:FindQt4> find-module shipped with CMake, whereas the Qt 5 and Qt 6 libraries are found using "Config-file Packages" shipped with Qt 5 and Qt 6. See cmake-packages(7) <#manual:cmake-packages(7)> for more information about CMake packages, and see the Qt cmake manual <https://doc.qt.io/qt-6/cmake-manual.html> for your Qt version.

Qt 4, Qt 5 and Qt 6 may be used together in the same CMake buildsystem <#manual:cmake-buildsystem(7)>:

    cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.16 FATAL_ERROR)
    project(Qt4_5_6)
    set(CMAKE_AUTOMOC ON)
    find_package(Qt6 COMPONENTS Widgets DBus REQUIRED)
    add_executable(publisher publisher.cpp)
    target_link_libraries(publisher Qt6::Widgets Qt6::DBus)
    find_package(Qt5 COMPONENTS Gui DBus REQUIRED)
    add_executable(subscriber1 subscriber1.cpp)
    target_link_libraries(subscriber1 Qt5::Gui Qt5::DBus)
    find_package(Qt4 REQUIRED)
    add_executable(subscriber2 subscriber2.cpp)
    target_link_libraries(subscriber2 Qt4::QtGui Qt4::QtDBus)

A CMake target may not link to more than one Qt version. A diagnostic is issued if this is attempted or results from transitive target dependency evaluation.

QT BUILD TOOLS

Qt relies on some bundled tools for code generation, such as moc for meta-object code generation, uic for widget layout and population, and rcc for virtual file system content generation. These tools may be automatically invoked by cmake(1) <#manual:cmake(1)> if the appropriate conditions are met. The automatic tool invocation may be used with Qt version 4 to 6.

  AUTOMOC

The AUTOMOC <#prop_tgt:AUTOMOC> target property controls whether cmake(1) <#manual:cmake(1)> inspects the C++ files in the target to determine if they require moc to be run, and to create rules to execute moc at the appropriate time.

If a macro from AUTOMOC_MACRO_NAMES <#prop_tgt:AUTOMOC_MACRO_NAMES> is found in a header file, moc will be run on the file. The result will be put into a file named according to moc_<basename>.cpp. If the macro is found in a C++ implementation file, the moc output will be put into a file named according to <basename>.moc, following the Qt conventions. The <basename>.moc must be included by the user in the C++ implementation file with a preprocessor #include.

Included moc_*.cpp and *.moc files will be generated in the <AUTOGEN_BUILD_DIR>/include directory which is automatically added to the target's INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES <#prop_tgt:INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES>.

•   This differs from CMake 3.7 and below; see their documentation for details.

•   For multi configuration generators <#prop_gbl:GENERATOR_IS_MULTI_CONFIG>, the include directory is <AUTOGEN_BUILD_DIR>/include_<CONFIG>.

•   See AUTOGEN_BUILD_DIR <#prop_tgt:AUTOGEN_BUILD_DIR>.

    Not included moc_<basename>.cpp files will be generated in custom folders to avoid name collisions and included in a separate file which is compiled into the target, named either <AUTOGEN_BUILD_DIR>/mocs_compilation.cpp or <AUTOGEN_BUILD_DIR>/mocs_compilation_$<CONFIG>.cpp.

•   See AUTOGEN_BUILD_DIR <#prop_tgt:AUTOGEN_BUILD_DIR>.

    The moc command line will consume the COMPILE_DEFINITIONS <#prop_tgt:COMPILE_DEFINITIONS> and INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES <#prop_tgt:INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES> target properties from the target it is being invoked for, and for the appropriate build configuration.

    The AUTOMOC <#prop_tgt:AUTOMOC> target property may be pre-set for all following targets by setting the CMAKE_AUTOMOC <#variable:CMAKE_AUTOMOC> variable. The AUTOMOC_MOC_OPTIONS <#prop_tgt:AUTOMOC_MOC_OPTIONS> target property may be populated to set options to pass to moc. The CMAKE_AUTOMOC_MOC_OPTIONS <#variable:CMAKE_AUTOMOC_MOC_OPTIONS> variable may be populated to pre-set the options for all following targets.

    Additional macro names to search for can be added to AUTOMOC_MACRO_NAMES <#prop_tgt:AUTOMOC_MACRO_NAMES>.

    Additional moc dependency file names can be extracted from source code by using AUTOMOC_DEPEND_FILTERS <#prop_tgt:AUTOMOC_DEPEND_FILTERS>.

    Source C++ files can be excluded from AUTOMOC <#prop_tgt:AUTOMOC> processing by enabling SKIP_AUTOMOC <#prop_sf:SKIP_AUTOMOC> or the broader SKIP_AUTOGEN <#prop_sf:SKIP_AUTOGEN>.

  AUTOUIC

The AUTOUIC <#prop_tgt:AUTOUIC> target property controls whether cmake(1) <#manual:cmake(1)> inspects the C++ files in the target to determine if they require uic to be run, and to create rules to execute uic at the appropriate time.

If a preprocessor #include directive is found which matches <path>ui_<basename>.h, and a <basename>.ui file exists, then uic will be executed to generate the appropriate file. The <basename>.ui file is searched for in the following places

1.  <source_dir>/<basename>.ui

2.  <source_dir>/<path><basename>.ui

3.  <AUTOUIC_SEARCH_PATHS>/<basename>.ui

4.  <AUTOUIC_SEARCH_PATHS>/<path><basename>.ui

    where <source_dir> is the directory of the C++ file and AUTOUIC_SEARCH_PATHS <#prop_tgt:AUTOUIC_SEARCH_PATHS> is a list of additional search paths.

    The generated generated ui_*.h files are placed in the <AUTOGEN_BUILD_DIR>/include directory which is automatically added to the target's INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES <#prop_tgt:INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES>.

•   This differs from CMake 3.7 and below; see their documentation for details.

•   For multi configuration generators <#prop_gbl:GENERATOR_IS_MULTI_CONFIG>, the include directory is <AUTOGEN_BUILD_DIR>/include_<CONFIG>.

•   See AUTOGEN_BUILD_DIR <#prop_tgt:AUTOGEN_BUILD_DIR>.

    The AUTOUIC <#prop_tgt:AUTOUIC> target property may be pre-set for all following targets by setting the CMAKE_AUTOUIC <#variable:CMAKE_AUTOUIC> variable. The AUTOUIC_OPTIONS <#prop_tgt:AUTOUIC_OPTIONS> target property may be populated to set options to pass to uic. The CMAKE_AUTOUIC_OPTIONS <#variable:CMAKE_AUTOUIC_OPTIONS> variable may be populated to pre-set the options for all following targets. The AUTOUIC_OPTIONS <#prop_sf:AUTOUIC_OPTIONS> source file property may be set on the <basename>.ui file to set particular options for the file. This overrides options from the AUTOUIC_OPTIONS <#prop_tgt:AUTOUIC_OPTIONS> target property.

    A target may populate the INTERFACE_AUTOUIC_OPTIONS <#prop_tgt:INTERFACE_AUTOUIC_OPTIONS> target property with options that should be used when invoking uic. This must be consistent with the AUTOUIC_OPTIONS <#prop_tgt:AUTOUIC_OPTIONS> target property content of the depender target. The CMAKE_DEBUG_TARGET_PROPERTIES <#variable:CMAKE_DEBUG_TARGET_PROPERTIES> variable may be used to track the origin target of such INTERFACE_AUTOUIC_OPTIONS <#prop_tgt:INTERFACE_AUTOUIC_OPTIONS>. This means that a library which provides an alternative translation system for Qt may specify options which should be used when running uic:

        add_library(KI18n klocalizedstring.cpp)
        target_link_libraries(KI18n Qt6::Core)
        # KI18n uses the tr2i18n() function instead of tr().  That function is
        # declared in the klocalizedstring.h header.
        set(autouic_options
          -tr tr2i18n
          -include klocalizedstring.h
        )
        set_property(TARGET KI18n APPEND PROPERTY
          INTERFACE_AUTOUIC_OPTIONS ${autouic_options}
        )

    A consuming project linking to the target exported from upstream automatically uses appropriate options when uic is run by AUTOUIC <#prop_tgt:AUTOUIC>, as a result of linking with the IMPORTED <#prop_tgt:IMPORTED> target:

        set(CMAKE_AUTOUIC ON)
        # Uses a libwidget.ui file:
        add_library(LibWidget libwidget.cpp)
        target_link_libraries(LibWidget
          KF5::KI18n
          Qt5::Widgets
        )

    Source files can be excluded from AUTOUIC <#prop_tgt:AUTOUIC> processing by enabling SKIP_AUTOUIC <#prop_sf:SKIP_AUTOUIC> or the broader SKIP_AUTOGEN <#prop_sf:SKIP_AUTOGEN>.

  AUTORCC

The AUTORCC <#prop_tgt:AUTORCC> target property controls whether cmake(1) <#manual:cmake(1)> creates rules to execute rcc at the appropriate time on source files which have the suffix .qrc.

    add_executable(myexe main.cpp resource_file.qrc)

The AUTORCC <#prop_tgt:AUTORCC> target property may be pre-set for all following targets by setting the CMAKE_AUTORCC <#variable:CMAKE_AUTORCC> variable. The AUTORCC_OPTIONS <#prop_tgt:AUTORCC_OPTIONS> target property may be populated to set options to pass to rcc. The CMAKE_AUTORCC_OPTIONS <#variable:CMAKE_AUTORCC_OPTIONS> variable may be populated to pre-set the options for all following targets. The AUTORCC_OPTIONS <#prop_sf:AUTORCC_OPTIONS> source file property may be set on the <name>.qrc file to set particular options for the file. This overrides options from the AUTORCC_OPTIONS <#prop_tgt:AUTORCC_OPTIONS> target property.

Source files can be excluded from AUTORCC <#prop_tgt:AUTORCC> processing by enabling SKIP_AUTORCC <#prop_sf:SKIP_AUTORCC> or the broader SKIP_AUTOGEN <#prop_sf:SKIP_AUTOGEN>.

THE <ORIGIN>_AUTOGEN TARGET

The moc and uic tools are executed as part of a synthesized <ORIGIN>_autogen custom target <#command:add_custom_target> generated by CMake. By default, that <ORIGIN>_autogen target inherits the dependencies of the <ORIGIN> target (see AUTOGEN_ORIGIN_DEPENDS <#prop_tgt:AUTOGEN_ORIGIN_DEPENDS>). Target dependencies may be added to the <ORIGIN>_autogen target by adding them to the AUTOGEN_TARGET_DEPENDS <#prop_tgt:AUTOGEN_TARGET_DEPENDS> target property.

Note: If Qt 5.15 or later is used and a depfile is used to track the moc dependencies, see The <ORIGIN>_autogen_timestamp_deps target. When using the Visual Studio Generators <#visual-studio-generators>, the <ORIGIN>_autogen target may not be created at all, see Visual Studio Generators below.

THE <ORIGIN>_AUTOGEN_TIMESTAMP_DEPS TARGET

If Qt 5.15 or later is used and the generator is Ninja <#generator:Ninja>, a Makefile <#makefile-generators> generator, a Visual Studio <#visual-studio-generators> generator or Xcode <#generator:Xcode>, the moc dependencies are tracked with a depfile. In that case the <ORIGIN>_autogen_timestamp_deps target is also created in addition to the <ORIGIN>_autogen target. This target does not have any sources or commands to execute, but it has dependencies that were previously inherited by the pre-Qt 5.15 <ORIGIN>_autogen target. These dependencies will serve as a list of order-only dependencies for the custom command, without forcing the custom command to re-execute.

Added in version 4.4: Depfile support for the Visual Studio Generators <#visual-studio-generators> and Xcode <#generator:Xcode>. Earlier versions used a depfile only for the Ninja <#generator:Ninja> and Makefile Generators <#makefile-generators>.

Note: When using the Visual Studio Generators <#visual-studio-generators>, neither this target nor the <ORIGIN>_autogen target is created in the common case, see Visual Studio Generators below.

VISUAL STUDIO GENERATORS

When using the Visual Studio Generators <#visual-studio-generators>, CMake adds the moc and uic step to the <ORIGIN> project itself instead of creating the <ORIGIN>_autogen custom target <#command:add_custom_target> (for AUTOMOC <#prop_tgt:AUTOMOC> and AUTOUIC <#prop_tgt:AUTOUIC>). With Qt 5.15 or later, the step is a custom command <#command:add_custom_command> with a depfile, and therefore runs only when one of its dependencies changed. With earlier Qt versions it is a PRE_BUILD command that runs on every build of <ORIGIN>.

Changed in version 4.4.3: With Qt 5.15 or later, the moc and uic step is a custom command in the <ORIGIN> project. CMake 4.4.0 through 4.4.2 created the <ORIGIN>_autogen and <ORIGIN>_autogen_timestamp_deps targets instead.

This isn't always possible though and an <ORIGIN>_autogen custom target <#command:add_custom_target> is used, when either

•   the <ORIGIN> target depends on GENERATED <#prop_sf:GENERATED> files which aren't excluded from AUTOMOC <#prop_tgt:AUTOMOC> and AUTOUIC <#prop_tgt:AUTOUIC> by SKIP_AUTOMOC <#prop_sf:SKIP_AUTOMOC>, SKIP_AUTOUIC <#prop_sf:SKIP_AUTOUIC>, SKIP_AUTOGEN <#prop_sf:SKIP_AUTOGEN> or CMP0071 <#policy:CMP0071>

•   AUTOGEN_TARGET_DEPENDS <#prop_tgt:AUTOGEN_TARGET_DEPENDS> lists a source file

•   CMAKE_GLOBAL_AUTOGEN_TARGET <#variable:CMAKE_GLOBAL_AUTOGEN_TARGET> is enabled

    With Qt 5.15 or later, the <ORIGIN>_autogen_timestamp_deps target is created along with it.

QTMAIN.LIB ON WINDOWS

The Qt 4 and 5 IMPORTED <#prop_tgt:IMPORTED> targets for the QtGui libraries specify that the qtmain.lib static library shipped with Qt will be linked by all dependent executables which have the WIN32_EXECUTABLE <#prop_tgt:WIN32_EXECUTABLE> enabled.

To disable this behavior, enable the Qt5_NO_LINK_QTMAIN target property for Qt 5 based targets or QT4_NO_LINK_QTMAIN target property for Qt 4 based targets.

    add_executable(myexe WIN32 main.cpp)
    target_link_libraries(myexe Qt4::QtGui)
    add_executable(myexe_no_qtmain WIN32 main_no_qtmain.cpp)
    set_property(TARGET main_no_qtmain PROPERTY QT4_NO_LINK_QTMAIN ON)
    target_link_libraries(main_no_qtmain Qt4::QtGui)

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