/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.apache.cassandra.index.sai.memory;

import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import javax.annotation.Nullable;

import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;

import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.statements.schema.IndexTarget;
import org.apache.cassandra.db.DecoratedKey;
import org.apache.cassandra.db.lifecycle.ILifecycleTransaction;
import org.apache.cassandra.db.memtable.Memtable;
import org.apache.cassandra.db.rows.Row;
import org.apache.cassandra.index.sai.StorageAttachedIndex;
import org.apache.cassandra.utils.Clock;
import org.apache.cassandra.utils.FBUtilities;

public class MemtableIndexManager
{
    private final StorageAttachedIndex index;
    private final ConcurrentMap<Memtable, MemtableIndex> liveMemtableIndexMap;

    public MemtableIndexManager(StorageAttachedIndex index)
    {
        this.index = index;
        this.liveMemtableIndexMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
    }

    public void maybeInitializeMemtableIndex(Memtable memtable)
    {
        if (index.termType().isVector())
            initializeMemtableIndex(memtable);
    }

    private MemtableIndex initializeMemtableIndex(Memtable mt)
    {
        MemtableIndex current = liveMemtableIndexMap.get(mt);

        // We expect the relevant IndexMemtable to be present most of the time, so only make the
        // call to computeIfAbsent() if it's not. (see https://bugs.openjdk.java.net/browse/JDK-8161372)
        return current != null ? current
                               : liveMemtableIndexMap.computeIfAbsent(mt, memtable -> new MemtableIndex(index, memtable));
    }

    public long index(DecoratedKey key, Row row, Memtable mt)
    {
        MemtableIndex target = initializeMemtableIndex(mt);

        long start = Clock.Global.nanoTime();

        long bytes = 0;

        if (index.termType().isNonFrozenCollection())
        {
            Iterator<ByteBuffer> bufferIterator = index.termType().valuesOf(row, FBUtilities.nowInSeconds());
            if (bufferIterator != null)
            {
                while (bufferIterator.hasNext())
                {
                    ByteBuffer value = bufferIterator.next();
                    bytes += target.index(key, row.clustering(), value);
                }
            }
        }
        else if (index.termType().isFrozenCollection() && index.termType().indexTargetType() != IndexTarget.Type.FULL)
        {
            Iterator<ByteBuffer> bufferIterator = index.termType().valuesOfFrozenCollection(row, FBUtilities.nowInSeconds());
            if (bufferIterator != null)
            {
                while (bufferIterator.hasNext())
                {
                    ByteBuffer value = bufferIterator.next();
                    bytes += target.index(key, row.clustering(), value);
                }
            }
        }
        else
        {
            ByteBuffer value = index.termType().valueOf(key, row, FBUtilities.nowInSeconds());
            bytes += target.index(key, row.clustering(), value);
        }
        index.indexMetrics().memtableIndexWriteLatency.update(Clock.Global.nanoTime() - start, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS);
        return bytes;
    }

    public long update(DecoratedKey key, Row oldRow, Row newRow, Memtable memtable)
    {
        if (!index.termType().isVector())
        {
            return index(key, newRow, memtable);
        }

        // Updates should only be able to happen on memtables that were already created and that are still live.
        MemtableIndex target = liveMemtableIndexMap.get(memtable);
        assert target != null : "Memtable for " + memtable.metadata().getTableName() + " not found";

        ByteBuffer oldValue = index.termType().valueOf(key, oldRow, FBUtilities.nowInSeconds());
        ByteBuffer newValue = index.termType().valueOf(key, newRow, FBUtilities.nowInSeconds());
        return target.update(key, oldRow.clustering(), oldValue, newValue);
    }

    public void renewMemtable(Memtable renewed)
    {
        for (Memtable memtable : liveMemtableIndexMap.keySet())
        {
            // remove every index but the one that corresponds to the post-truncate Memtable
            if (renewed != memtable)
            {
                liveMemtableIndexMap.remove(memtable);
            }
        }
    }

    public void discardMemtable(Memtable discarded)
    {
        liveMemtableIndexMap.remove(discarded);
    }

    @Nullable
    public MemtableIndex getPendingMemtableIndex(ILifecycleTransaction txn)
    {
        return liveMemtableIndexMap.keySet().stream()
                                   .filter(m -> txn.equals(m.getFlushTransaction()))
                                   .findFirst()
                                   .map(liveMemtableIndexMap::get)
                                   .orElse(null);
    }

    public long liveMemtableWriteCount()
    {
        return liveMemtableIndexMap.values().stream().mapToLong(MemtableIndex::writeCount).sum();
    }

    public Collection<MemtableIndex> getLiveMemtableIndexesSnapshot()
    {
        Collection<MemtableIndex> memtableIndexes = liveMemtableIndexMap.values();
        if (memtableIndexes.isEmpty())
            return Collections.emptyList();

        // Copy the values. Otherwise, we'll only have a view of the map's values which is subject to change.
        return new ArrayList<>(memtableIndexes);
    }

    public long estimatedMemIndexMemoryUsed()
    {
        return liveMemtableIndexMap.values().stream().mapToLong(MemtableIndex::estimatedMemoryUsed).sum();
    }

    @VisibleForTesting
    public int size()
    {
        return liveMemtableIndexMap.size();
    }

    public void invalidate()
    {
        liveMemtableIndexMap.clear();
    }
}
