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"""
This module provides the security predicates used in decorating various models.
"""

from __future__ import annotations
import logging
from collections import defaultdict
import hashlib
import requests
import typing

from tg import tmpl_context as c
from tg import request
from webob import exc
from itertools import chain
from ming.utils import LazyProperty
import tg

if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
    from allura.model import M

log = logging.getLogger(__name__)


class Credentials:

    '''
    Role graph logic & caching
    '''

    def __init__(self):
        self.clear()

    @property
    def project_role(self):
        # bypass Ming model validation and use pymongo directly
        # for improved performance
        from allura import model as M
        db = M.session.main_doc_session.db
        return db[M.ProjectRole.__mongometa__.name]

    @classmethod
    def get(cls):
        '''
        get the global :class:`Credentials` instance
        :rtype: Credentials
        '''
        import allura
        return allura.credentials

    def clear(self):
        'clear cache'
        self.users = {}
        self.projects = {}

    def clear_user(self, user_id, project_id=None):
        if project_id == '*':
            to_remove = [(uid, pid)
                         for uid, pid in self.users if uid == user_id]
        else:
            to_remove = [(user_id, project_id)]
        for uid, pid in to_remove:
            self.projects.pop(pid, None)
            self.users.pop((uid, pid), None)

    def load_user_roles(self, user_id, *project_ids):
        '''Load the credentials with all user roles for a set of projects'''
        # Don't reload roles
        project_ids = [
            pid for pid in project_ids if self.users.get((user_id, pid)) is None]
        if not project_ids:
            return
        if user_id is None:
            q = self.project_role.find({
                'user_id': None,
                'project_id': {'$in': project_ids},
                'name': '*anonymous'})
        else:
            q0 = self.project_role.find({
                'user_id': None,
                'project_id': {'$in': project_ids},
                'name': {'$in': ['*anonymous', '*authenticated']}})
            q1 = self.project_role.find({
                'user_id': user_id,
                'project_id': {'$in': project_ids},
                'name': None})
            q = chain(q0, q1)
        roles_by_project = {pid: [] for pid in project_ids}
        for role in q:
            roles_by_project[role['project_id']].append(role)
        for pid, roles in roles_by_project.items():
            self.users[user_id, pid] = RoleCache(self, roles)

    def load_project_roles(self, *project_ids):
        '''Load the credentials with all user roles for a set of projects'''
        # Don't reload roles
        project_ids = [
            pid for pid in project_ids if self.projects.get(pid) is None]
        if not project_ids:
            return
        q = self.project_role.find({
            'project_id': {'$in': project_ids}})
        roles_by_project = {pid: [] for pid in project_ids}
        for role in q:
            roles_by_project[role['project_id']].append(role)
        for pid, roles in roles_by_project.items():
            self.projects[pid] = RoleCache(self, roles)

    def project_roles(self, project_id):
        '''
        :returns: a :class:`RoleCache` of :class:`ProjectRoles <allura.model.auth.ProjectRole>` for project_id
        '''
        roles = self.projects.get(project_id)
        if roles is None:
            self.load_project_roles(project_id)
            roles = self.projects[project_id]
        return roles

    def user_roles(self, user_id, project_id=None):
        '''
        :returns: a :class:`RoleCache` of :class:`ProjectRoles <allura.model.auth.ProjectRole>` for given user_id and optional project_id, ``*anonymous`` and ``*authenticated`` checked as appropriate
        '''
        roles = self.users.get((user_id, project_id))
        if roles is None:
            if project_id is None:
                if user_id is None:
                    q = []
                else:
                    q = self.project_role.find({'user_id': user_id})
                roles = RoleCache(self, q)
            else:
                self.load_user_roles(user_id, project_id)
                roles = self.users.get((user_id, project_id))
            self.users[user_id, project_id] = roles
        return roles

    def user_has_any_role(self, user_id, project_id, role_ids):
        user_roles = self.user_roles(user_id=user_id, project_id=project_id)
        return bool(set(role_ids) & user_roles.reaching_ids_set)

    def users_with_named_role(self, project_id, name):
        """ returns in sorted order """
        role = RoleCache(self, [r for r in self.project_roles(project_id) if r.get('name') == name])
        return sorted(role.users_that_reach, key=lambda u: u.username)

    def userids_with_named_role(self, project_id, name):
        role = RoleCache(self, self.project_role.find({'project_id': project_id, 'name': name}))
        return role.userids_that_reach


class RoleCache:
    '''
    An iterable collection of :class:`ProjectRoles <allura.model.auth.ProjectRole>` that is cached after first use
    '''

    def __init__(self, cred, q):
        '''
        :param `Credentials` cred: :class:`Credentials`
        :param iterable q: An iterable (e.g a query) of :class:`ProjectRoles <allura.model.auth.ProjectRole>`
        '''
        self.cred = cred
        self.q = q

    def find(self, **kw):
        tests = list(kw.items())

        def _iter():
            for r in self:
                for k, v in tests:
                    val = r.get(k)
                    if callable(v):
                        if not v(val):
                            break
                    elif v != val:
                        break
                else:
                    yield r
        return RoleCache(self.cred, _iter())

    def get(self, **kw):
        for x in self.find(**kw):
            return x
        return None

    def __iter__(self):
        return iter(self.index.values())

    def __len__(self):
        return len(self.index)

    @LazyProperty
    def index(self):
        return {r['_id']: r for r in self.q}

    @LazyProperty
    def named(self):
        return RoleCache(self.cred, (
            r for r in self
            if r.get('name') and not r.get('name').startswith('*')))

    @LazyProperty
    def reverse_index(self):
        rev_index = defaultdict(list)
        for r in self:
            for rr_id in r['roles']:
                rev_index[rr_id].append(r)
        return rev_index

    @LazyProperty
    def roles_that_reach(self):
        def _iter():
            visited = set()
            to_visit = list(self)
            while to_visit:
                r = to_visit.pop(0)
                if r['_id'] in visited:
                    continue
                visited.add(r['_id'])
                yield r
                pr_rindex = self.cred.project_roles(
                    r['project_id']).reverse_index
                to_visit += pr_rindex[r['_id']]
        return RoleCache(self.cred, _iter())

    @LazyProperty
    def users_that_reach(self):
        from allura import model as M
        uids = [uid for uid in self.userids_that_reach if uid]
        return M.User.query.find({'_id': {'$in': uids}})

    @LazyProperty
    def userids_that_reach(self):
        return [r['user_id'] for r in self.roles_that_reach]

    @LazyProperty
    def reaching_roles(self):
        def _iter():
            to_visit = list(self.index.items())
            project_ids = {r['project_id'] for _id, r in to_visit}
            pr_index = {r['_id']: r for r in self.cred.project_role.find({
                'project_id': {'$in': list(project_ids)},
                'user_id': None,
            })}
            visited = set()
            while to_visit:
                (rid, role) = to_visit.pop()
                if rid in visited:
                    continue
                yield role
                for i in role['roles']:
                    if i in pr_index:
                        to_visit.append((i, pr_index[i]))
        return RoleCache(self.cred, _iter())

    @LazyProperty
    def reaching_ids(self):
        return [r['_id'] for r in self.reaching_roles]

    @LazyProperty
    def reaching_ids_set(self):
        return set(self.reaching_ids)


def is_denied(obj, permission: str, user: M.User, project: M.Project) -> bool:
    from allura import model as M

    if user != M.User.anonymous():
        user_roles = Credentials.get().user_roles(user_id=user._id,
                                                  project_id=project.root_project._id)
        for r in user_roles:
            deny_user = M.ACE.deny(r['_id'], permission)
            if M.ACL.contains(deny_user, obj.acl):
                return True

    return False


def debug_obj(obj) -> str:
    if hasattr(obj, 'url'):
        url = obj.url
        if callable(url):
            try:
                url = url()
            except Exception:
                url = obj._id
        return f'{obj.__class__.__name__} {url}'
    return str(obj)


def has_access(obj, permission: str, user: M.User | None = None, project: M.Project | None = None, roles=None) -> bool:
    '''Return whether the given user has the permission name on the given object.

    - For individual artifacts, check for project 'read' permission

    - Then all the roles for a user in the given project context are computed.

    - If the given object's ACL contains a DENY for this permission on this
      user's project role, return False and deny access.  TODO: make ACL order
      matter instead of doing DENY first; see ticket [#6715]

    - Next, for each role, the given object's ACL is examined linearly. If an ACE
      is found which matches the permission and user, and that ACE ALLOWs access,
      then the function returns True and access is permitted. If the ACE DENYs
      access, then that role is removed from further consideration.

    - If the obj is not a Neighborhood and the given user has the 'admin'
      permission on the current neighborhood, then the function returns True and
      access is allowed.

    - If the obj is not a Project and the given user has the 'admin'
      permission on the current project, then the function returns True and
      access is allowed.

    - If none of the ACEs on the object ALLOW access, and there are no more roles
      to be considered, then the function returns False and access is denied.

    - Processing continues using the remaining roles and the
      obj.parent_security_context(). If the parent_security_context is None, then
      the function returns False and access is denied.

    The effect of this processing is that:

      1. If the user's project_role is DENYed, access is denied (e.g. if the user
         has been blocked for a permission on a specific tool).

      2. Else, if *any* role for the user is ALLOWed access via a linear
         traversal of the ACLs, then access is allowed.

      3. Otherwise, DENY access to the resource.
    '''
    from allura import model as M

    DEBUG = False

    if obj is None:
        if DEBUG:
            log.debug(f'{user} denied {permission} on {debug_obj(obj)} ({debug_obj(project)})')
        return False
    if roles is None:
        if user is None:
            user = c.user
        assert user, 'c.user should always be at least M.User.anonymous()'
        cred = Credentials.get()
        if project is None:
            if isinstance(obj, M.Neighborhood):
                project = obj.neighborhood_project
                if project is None:
                    log.error('Neighborhood project missing for %s', obj)
                    return False
            elif isinstance(obj, M.Project):
                project = obj.root_project
            else:
                project = getattr(obj, 'project', None) or c.project
                project = project.root_project

        # check for project 'read' so that calls outside normal HTTP /p/foo/ dispatch
        # (e.g. REST, email, notifications etc) will get the same checks as ProjectController._check_security.
        # (note AppConfig.parent_security_context() returns None so the ACL chaining stops at the app)
        # Skip for Project/Neighborhood else we'd recurse on this very call.
        if (not isinstance(obj, (M.Project, M.Neighborhood))
                and not has_access(project, 'read', user=user)):
            return False

        roles: RoleCache = cred.user_roles(user_id=user._id, project_id=project._id).reaching_roles

    # TODO: move deny logic into loop below; see ticket [#6715]
    if is_denied(obj, permission, user, project):
        if DEBUG:
            log.debug(f"{user.username} '{permission}' denied on {debug_obj(obj)} ({debug_obj(project)})")
        return False

    chainable_roles = []
    for role in roles:
        for ace in obj.acl:
            if M.ACE.match(ace, role['_id'], permission):
                if ace.access == M.ACE.ALLOW:
                    # access is allowed
                    if DEBUG:
                        log.debug(
                            f"{user.username} '{permission}' granted on {debug_obj(obj)} ({debug_obj(project)})")
                    return True
                else:
                    # access is denied for this particular role
                    if DEBUG:
                        log.debug(f"{user.username} '{permission}' denied for role={role['name'] or role['_id']} (BUT continuing to see if other roles permit) on {debug_obj(obj)} ({debug_obj(project)})")
                    break
        else:
            # access neither allowed or denied, may chain to parent context
            chainable_roles.append(role)
    parent = obj.parent_security_context()
    if parent and chainable_roles:
        result = has_access(parent, permission, user=user, project=project, roles=tuple(chainable_roles))
    elif not isinstance(obj, M.Neighborhood):
        result = has_access(project.neighborhood, 'admin', user=user)
        if not (result or isinstance(obj, M.Project)):
            result = has_access(project, 'admin', user=user)
    else:
        result = False
    if DEBUG:
        log.debug(
            f"{user.username} '{permission}' {result} from parent(s) on {debug_obj(obj)} ({debug_obj(project)})")
    return result


def all_allowed(obj, user_or_role=None, project=None):
    '''
    List all the permission names that a given user or named role
    is allowed for a given object.  This list reflects the permissions
    for which ``has_access()`` would return True for the user (or a user
    in the given named role, e.g. Developer).

    Example:

        Given a tracker with the following ACL (pseudo-code)::

            [
                ACE.allow(ProjectRole.by_name('Developer'), 'create'),
                ACE.allow(ProjectRole.by_name('Member'), 'post'),
                ACE.allow(ProjectRole.by_name('*anonymous'), 'read'),
            ]

        And user1 is in the Member group, then ``all_allowed(tracker, user1)``
        will return::

            set(['post', 'read'])

        And ``all_allowed(tracker, ProjectRole.by_name('Developer'))`` will return::

            set(['create', 'post', 'read'])
    '''
    from allura import model as M
    anon = M.ProjectRole.anonymous(project)
    auth = M.ProjectRole.authenticated(project)
    if user_or_role is None:
        user_or_role = c.user
    if user_or_role is None:
        user_or_role = anon
    if isinstance(user_or_role, M.User):
        user_or_role = M.ProjectRole.by_user(user_or_role, project)
        if user_or_role is None:
            user_or_role = auth  # user is not member of project, treat as auth
    roles = [user_or_role]
    if user_or_role == anon:
        pass  # anon inherits nothing
    elif user_or_role == auth:
        roles += [anon]  # auth inherits from anon
    else:
        roles += [auth, anon]  # named group or user inherits from auth + anon
    # match rules applicable to us
    role_ids = RoleCache(Credentials.get(), roles).reaching_ids
    perms = set()
    denied = defaultdict(set)
    while obj:  # traverse parent contexts
        for role_id in role_ids:
            for ace in obj.acl:
                if ace.permission in denied[role_id]:
                    # don't consider permissions that were denied for this role
                    continue
                if M.ACE.match(ace, role_id, ace.permission):
                    if ace.access == M.ACE.ALLOW:
                        perms.add(ace.permission)
                    else:
                        # explicit DENY overrides any ALLOW for this permission
                        # for this role_id in this ACL or parent(s) (but an ALLOW
                        # for a different role could still grant this
                        # permission)
                        denied[role_id].add(ace.permission)
        obj = obj.parent_security_context()
    if M.ALL_PERMISSIONS in perms:
        return {M.ALL_PERMISSIONS}
    return perms


def is_allowed_by_role(obj, permission, role_name, project):
    # probably more effecient ways of doing these, e.g. through a modified has_access
    # but this is easy
    from allura import model as M
    role = M.ProjectRole.by_name(role_name, project)
    return permission in all_allowed(obj, role, project)


def require(predicate, message=None):
    '''
    Example: ``require(has_access(c.app, 'read'))``

    :param callable|bool predicate: truth function to call, or truth value
    :param str message: message to show upon failure
    :raises: HTTPForbidden or HTTPUnauthorized
    '''

    from allura import model as M

    if callable(predicate):
        if predicate():
            return
    else:
        if predicate:
            return

    if not message:
        message = """You don't have permission to do that.
                     You must ask a project administrator for rights to perform this task.
                     Please click the back button to return to the previous page."""
    if c.user != M.User.anonymous():
        request.environ['error_message'] = message
        raise exc.HTTPForbidden(detail=message)
    else:
        raise exc.HTTPUnauthorized()


def require_access(obj, permission, **kwargs):
    if obj is not None:
        predicate = has_access(obj, permission, **kwargs)
        return require(predicate, message='%s access required' % permission.capitalize())
    else:
        raise exc.HTTPForbidden(
            detail="Could not verify permissions for this page.")


def require_authenticated():
    '''
    :raises: HTTPUnauthorized if current user is anonymous
    '''
    from allura import model as M
    if c.user == M.User.anonymous():
        raise exc.HTTPUnauthorized()


def is_site_admin(user):
    '''
    :param allura.model.User user:
    :rtype: bool
    '''
    from allura.lib import helpers as h

    if user.is_anonymous():
        return False

    with h.push_context(tg.config.get('site_admin_project', 'allura'),
                        neighborhood=tg.config.get('site_admin_project_nbhd', 'Projects')):
        return has_access(c.project, 'admin', user=user)


def require_site_admin(user):
    from allura.lib import helpers as h

    with h.push_context(tg.config.get('site_admin_project', 'allura'),
                        neighborhood=tg.config.get('site_admin_project_nbhd', 'Projects')):
        return require_access(c.project, 'admin', user=user)


def simple_grant(acl, role_id, permission):
    from allura.model.types import ACE
    for ace in acl:
        if ace.role_id == role_id and ace.permission == permission:
            return
    acl.append(ACE.allow(role_id, permission))


def simple_revoke(acl, role_id, permission):
    remove = []
    for i, ace in enumerate(acl):
        if ace.role_id == role_id and ace.permission == permission:
            remove.append(i)
    for i in reversed(remove):
        acl.pop(i)


class HIBPClientError(Exception):
    """
    Represents an unexpected failure consuming the HIBP API
    """
    pass


class HIBPCompromisedCredentials(Exception):
    """
    Raised when a sha1 hash of a password is found to be compromised according to HIBP
    """

    def __init__(self, count, partial_hash):
        self.count = count
        self.partial_hash = partial_hash


class HIBPClient:

    @classmethod
    def check_breached_password(cls, password):
        """
        Checks the Have I Been Pwned API for a known compromised password.
        Raises a named HIBPCompromisedCredentials exception if any found
        :param password: user-supplied password
        """
        result = 0
        try:
            # sha1 it
            sha_1 = hashlib.sha1(password.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()

            # first 5 for HIBP API
            sha_1_first_5 = sha_1[:5]

            # hit HIBP API
            headers = {'User-Agent': '{}-pwnage-checker'.format(tg.config.get('site_name', 'Allura'))}
            resp = requests.get(f'https://api.pwnedpasswords.com/range/{sha_1_first_5}', timeout=1,
                                headers=headers)
            # check results
            result = cls.scan_response(resp, sha_1)

        except Exception as ex:
            raise HIBPClientError from ex

        if result:
            raise HIBPCompromisedCredentials(result, sha_1_first_5)

    @classmethod
    def scan_response(self, resp, sha):
        """
        Scans an API result from HIBP matching the supplied SHA
        :return: The entry count HIBP has of the password; 0 if not present
        """
        sha_remainder = sha[5:]

        entries = resp.text.split('\r\n')
        try:
            entry = [e for e in entries if e.startswith(sha_remainder.upper())][0]
            vals = entry.split(':')
            result = vals[1]
            result = int(result)
        except IndexError:
            result = 0

        return result
